PII. VOZ PASIVA (PASSIVE VOICE)

 PASSIVE VOICE

¿Qué es la voz pasiva?

La voz pasiva se usa cuando lo importante es la acción o el objeto, no quién la realizó.

Ejemplo:

• Activa: The nurse administered the injection.

• Pasiva: The injection was administered (by the nurse).

Estructura

Sujeto (objeto de la activa) + be + participio pasado (V3) + by + agente (opcional)

Formas del verbo “be” según el tiempo

• Presente simple → am / is / are

• Pasado simple → was / were

• Presente perfecto → has been / have been

• Futuro → will be

• Modal + be → can be / must be / should be

Participio pasado (V3)

• Verbos regulares: -ed
  (checked, prepared, cleaned)

• Verbos irregulares: forma V3
  (done, given, seen, taken)

Pasar de activa a pasiva

1. El objeto de la activa → se convierte en sujeto.

2. Usar be en el tiempo correcto.

3. Agregar V3 (participio).

4. “by + sujeto” es opcional.

Ejemplo:

• Activa: The doctor reviewed the X-ray.

• Pasiva: The X-ray was reviewed (by the doctor).

Usos principales de la voz pasiva

A. Cuando el agente no es importante

• The room is cleaned every day.

B. Cuando no se sabe quién hizo la acción

• The patient was found unconscious.

C. Cuando importa más el resultado que la persona

• The medication has been administered.

• (Lo importante es que ya se administró.)

D. En lenguaje formal, académico y médico

La medicina usa mucho la pasiva para describir procedimientos.

Voz pasiva en diferentes tiempos

Presente simple

am / is / are + V3

• The clinic is opened at 7 AM.

Pasado simple

was / were + V3

• The vaccine was given at noon.

Presente perfecto

has been / have been + V3

• The samples have been analyzed.

Futuro

will be + V3

• The patient will be discharged tomorrow.

Modales

modal + be + V3

• The medication must be stored in the fridge.

• The patients can be monitored remotely.

Ejemplos en contexto médico

• Blood pressure is measured every morning.

• The wound was cleaned and covered.

• The surgery will be performed at 8 AM.

• The results have been sent to the doctor.

• The patient is being transferred to another unit.

• Vital signs are recorded by the nursing staff.

Fórmula rápida

Activa: sujeto + verbo + objeto
Pasiva: objeto + be + V3 (+ by sujeto)